brasiliensis is most commonly associated with primary cutaneous infections in immunocompetent individuals. Additionally, although Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis is predominantly associated with invasive infections in immunocompromised hosts, N. In 1996, the bacterium was distinguished from Nocardia brasiliensis based on the results of distinct biochemical tests, mycolic acid patterns, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and DNA-DNA hybridization. Most reported cases of Nocardia infections in Korea have likewise occurred in immunocompromised hosts, with Nocardia farcinica as the most prevalent infecting species. The route of infection is usually either trauma-related introduction or inhalation of the organism. Nocardia are aerobic actinomycetes that can cause pulmonary or central nervous system (CNS) infections in immunocompromised hosts and primary cutaneous infections in immunocompetent hosts. Keywords: Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis, Mycetoma, Corticosteroids, 16S ribosomal RNA, hsp65 This case highlights a very rare presentation of mainly cutaneous mycetoma caused by N. The patient was treated for 5 days with intravenous ampicillin/sulbactam, at which time both the mycetomas and fever had subsided and discharged on amoxicillin/clavulanate. pseudobrasiliensis based on 16S rRNA and hsp65 gene sequencing. pseudobrasiliensis, i.e., catalase and urease positivity, hydrolysis of esculin, gelatin, casein, hypoxanthine, and tyrosine, but no hydrolysis of xanthine. The phenotypic characteristics of the isolate were consistent with both Nocardia brasiliensis and N. The same organism was isolated from mycetoma cultures on the patient's scalp, right arm, and right leg. pseudobrasiliensis in a 57-yr-old woman with microscopic polyangiitis, who was treated for 3 months with corticosteroids. We report a case of disseminated mycetoma caused by N. Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis is predominantly associated with invasive infections in immunocompromised patients.
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